Reverse Logistics Market Size to Cross $3000.85 Billion Revenue by 2030

Reverse Logistics Market Overview

“The Global Gemstones Market is expected to grow rapidly at a 12.65% CAGR consequently, it will grow from its existing size of from $1300.10 Billion in 2023 to $3000.85 Billion by 2030.”

Reverse logistics is an essential component in supply chain management which supply chain companies that are successful utilize to streamline their operations and enhance the value of their customers. If you invest the time to learn the various types of reverse logistics, as well as the difficulties involved in the management and coordination of these, professionals in supply chain can apply their knowledge to lower costs and maintain processes efficiently.

What Is reverse logistics a thing?

Reverse logistics is the process of returning goods from the end-user back into the supply chain, either the manufacturer or retailer. If the consumer is returning products they do not need or the end of the product's life cycle is reached, and the item is defective or damaged It's a good idea to provide refunds to your customers and that's when reverse logistics enters into play. 

This is also applicable when products have to be recycled or disposed of and also includes situations in which the customer is the one who handles the recycling, disposal or even the resale of product in the issue.

Reverse logistics: Types

Here are the major kinds of reverse logistics

Returns management

The most commonly used reverse-logistics procedure is returns management. It is a process that handles returns from regular customers and should provide an effortless, stress-free service in order to increase the brand's image and loyalty.

Procedure and policy for returning items

This is the standard to which all returns from customers are evaluated. It must be adhered to by employees and customers alike. It is a good idea to make these guidelines visible and readily reachable to clients.

Remanufacturing or refurbishment

Reconditioning items that are returned helps retailers and businesses avoid taking profits (or making losses) on defective products, while eliminating wasteful products.

Management of packaging

Organisations that use packaging management procedures can reuse the packaging in an effort to decrease waste, and cut the expense that could otherwise be used to purchase new packaging to return items.

Unsold items

Concentrated on returning products from the end-users or fulfillment centers to the manufacturer The process of returning unsold goods is typically caused by delivery delays and poor sales. However, it can include other causes.

Service life ends

Certain products must be returned by the end of their useful lives in order for the manufacturer to take care of their proper environmental disposal.

Delivery problems

If the products are not delivered, they are sent back to fulfillment centers, where they can be returned to the manufacturer. However it is possible for companies that are efficient to deal with the delivery issue by resolving the problem and then returning the item.

Equipment for rental

Products that are leased or rented will be returned after the conclusion of a specified time period and returned to the company for recycling, disposal or redeployment.

Maintenance and repair

As in instances of a lot of consumer electronic devices (laptops such as laptops, for instance) Products can be returned for repair or warranty work done.

How reverse Logistics works?

Reverse logistics is the process of moving goods away from the traditional destination within the supply chain at a minimum of one step further. It can be a complex process that requires a variety of methods and techniques. Certain companies choose to outsource this task.

Reverse Logistics Process

Reverse logistics entails managing returns and purchasing excess materials and goods. It is also accountable for handling refurbishments or leases. Reverse logistics are different across sectors and there are various economic motives for improving the management of reverse logistics.

For instance, in the beverage industry reverse logistics makes use of the empty containers from taps. Companies that produce beverages want to reclaim its value by recycling containers. This means organizing transport and managing the shipping load while also cleaning containers.

In the construction sector, reverse logistics moves and recycles used materials to new locations. As construction companies adopt more sustainable practices to cut down on the amount of waste produced, there is the potential to save money through the use of reverse logistics.

In the food industry reverse logistics is responsible to return pallets and packaging materials. The companies also need to handle rejections of food shipping. Rejections can pose logistical issues due to delays which can cause food spoilage, and fears about altering. It is the Reverse Logistics Association is creating secure, fast reliable, and reliable password (SQRL) codes for packaging to provide precise information about the product and address logistical problems.

Demand Outlook

• The rapid growth of online shopping platforms is accompanied by a growing global consumption.
• The growing awareness among customers of alternative alternatives to the products has led to the demand side of things being indeterminable for the majority of industries.
• Government regulations that are strict to limit the amount of waste produced as well as encourage recycling in both developing economies.

Reliable reverse logistics is more important than ever due to the growth of e-commerce companies across the globe. Many industries, such as electronics, automotive pharmaceutical, and other depend upon reverse logistics to be a crucial element to their supply chain as well as market networks.

The world's nations have devised and implemented reverse logistics solutions to extract the maximum value out of damaged or returned items. Recycling, storage, resale scheduling, monitoring return spare parts management, and environmental compliance are all aspects of reverse logistics. As companies become more aware of the need to limit environmental harm the environment, there will be a massive rise in need for reverse logistics services in order to ensure that customers are completely satisfied.

"Over the period of forecast the demand for reverse logistics services are likely to increase due to the rising use in reverse logistics of many firms in order to quickly and efficiently control the return of items to manufacturers or companies from their customers. Growing awareness of the benefits from reverse logistics in addition to increasing environmental awareness is expected to increase interest in reverse logistics in the years ahead."

Key Takeaway

• Asia Pacific market has generated more than 51.5% of the revenue share in 2022.
• The Middle East and Africa is predicted to grow at the fastest CAGR of 12.5 percent between 2023 and 2030.
• By End Users E-commerce has contributed over 55.65% of revenue in 2022 and is expected to increase at the fastest CAGR from 2023 to 2030.
• By End User, the segment of automotive is expected to grow at the second-highest CAGR at 12.65 percent between 2023 and 2030.
• Through Software Repairable Returns segment is predicted to grow at the rate of 5.4% from 2023 and 2030.

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Market Dynamics

Growth Factor:

Over the next few years the market in the world is expected to be influenced by the increasing use of reverse logistics by a variety of firms in order to manage the delivery of products from consumers to makers or companies.

In the coming years, market growth is anticipated to be driven through increased environmental awareness and the growing knowledge of the benefits of reverse logistics. The market was impacted because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the disruption in supply lines around the world due to the COVID-19 epidemic to ensure compliance with the requirements set in place by the federal government, a significant decrease has been reported.

The rise of online shopping has resulted in an growth in the number of returns. Customers looking for easy and simple return procedures. Reverse logistics aids in managing this process, making sure that returned items are quickly and efficiently handled.

Reverse logistics is the method that allows products or commodities to return from their initial position, or from the location of the consumer or end-user to their point of origin or their production. It is a term used to describe any decision that is used to reuse items or items that have been returned. Reverse logistics is a range of steps, such as the development of products, remanufacturing and refurbishment (the sale of a product following repairs or a proof that it's in excellent condition) and finally, getting rid of.

The market for reverse logistics is growing quickly in recent years because of the growing emphasis on environmental sustainability and sustainability. Companies are realizing the necessity in managing supply chain in more sustainable and efficient manner and reverse logistics play an essential role in reaching these goals.

Growth Drivers

The growth of the e-commerce industry and reverse logistics driven by technology and IoT-connected devices.

The global transportation and e-commerce sectors have been growing rapidly over the past few years because of the increase in networking technologies. Demand for cost-effective, time-efficient shipping returns and services to facilitate products transport in logistical backward and forward transportation is driven by expansion of the logistics and ecommerce industries.

Solutions for reverse logistics have been designed and implemented by top retailers online, e-commerce, as well as Third-party logistic businesses in the last few years as a result of the unprecedented growth of online shopping.

In the end, companies have benefited from this trend. Reverse logistics have been extensively used in the internet-based retail sector since the process of returning items has evolved to become a crucial part of the overall retail experience. The principal reason for the growth of this industry in the coming years is the increasing use of reverse logistics to improve the experience of customers.

The advancement of technological trends and the use of cutting-edge technology in the FMCG pharmaceutical, food, and other fields have revolutionized the market for reverse logistics in the world. Reverse logistics businesses are increasingly making use of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies that give customers and freight companies immediate Internet connectivity to the business network.

Alongside other recently launched technology the market for reverse logistics is also witnessing the growth of cutting-edge technology like artificial intelligence (Al), machine learning as well as RFID, radio frequency identification (RFID) as well as Bluetooth. In addition the digitalization of supply networks decreases the amount of waste and reduces inefficiency, thereby increasing the use of LoT-enabled equipment in the reverse logistics industry. Thus, the expansion in the reverse logistics industry is aided by the increase in technological advances.

Challenges

Processing uncertainty in the reverse logistical process

The reliability, competency and credibility of logistics service providers is entirely dependent on the producer and the merchants. In this scenario the manufacturing or retailing business is not in control over its actions as it is dependent on the logistics provider. Furthermore, the manufacturer cannot monitor warehouse operations, which could pose serious risks to the quality that the product will be.

In addition outsourcing to a third party reverse logistics (3PL) company could cause a violation of confidentiality and expose personal information of clients or distributing information that's financial risky. So, it is likely that the lack of control by the producer over reverse transportation services will limit the growth of the market.

Process uncertainty is an important problem in Reverse logistics. Reverse logistics is the process of processing of used or returned items, which are difficult to determine in terms of quality and quantity. The uncertainty of the quantity and quality of the returned goods could make it difficult businesses to plan and control reverse logistics procedures.

Opportunities

Blockchain technology's emergence

Blockchain enables better monitoring and transparency throughout the entire life of a product beginning with the purchase of raw materials through the final disposal. The market players in the logistics industry are currently examining and implementing the blockchain tech to enhance backward logistics processes.

For example, Walmart Canada automates the creation of bills with blockchain technology, displacing of lengthy freight bill checks. Blockchain technology allows for easier monitoring of refunds and detect issues with high rates of return. The potential for growth in the reverse logistics business is through the development of more advanced blockchain technology to be used in the services.

The emergence of blockchain technology provides an opportunity for the reverse logistics industry to enhance its operations and overcome obstacles in relation to process uncertainty as well as transparency of data.

Blockchain technology could provide greater transparency as well as traceability in the reverse logistics process, offering more precise and transparent record of transactions and movements. This helps lower the risk of fraud, improve efficiency, and boost the trust of customers.

Blockchain technology, for instance, can be utilized to track the movement of goods in the process of reverse logistics from the point at which they are returned to their final disposal, like disposal or resale. This will give you a better insight on the location and state of the products and guarantee that they are processed and handled in an efficient and timely method.

Blockchain technology may also facilitate to create smart contracts that can automate certain elements of reverse logistics including payments, eliminating the requirement for intermediaries, and simplifying operations.

Market Segment Analysis

Industry Utilization Insights:

It was dominated by the e-commerce industry with an income share of more than 56 percent in the year 2022 and is predicted to expand at the fastest CAGR of 2023-2030. Because of consumers' increasing tendency to shop online and its increasing use and acceptance in the industry, e-commerce has seen an increase in.

Reverse logistics is essential for the e-commerce industry because it facilitates the replacement and resale products as well as transport activities that all encourage market expansion. Reverse logistics is often utilized in the online retail industry due to the reasons mentioned above, which can help increase the amount of income produced.

Based on numbers, the automobile sector is expected to grow at the second highest. Due to various objectives, like the policies of government regarding eco-friendly and environmental concerns reverse logistics enjoys a prominent place in the automobile industry, and therefore helps in the growth of markets. So, over the course of the forecast period the automobile industry is predicted to grow profitably.

Information on Reverse Type:

During the projected time the repairable sector returns is expected to have the highest market share and grow at an GAGR of 6 percent. The growth of global markets for companies is being assisted by the growth in connectivity between the domestic and international. Like the land, sea and air transport networks, these solutions provide delivery and return services that are swift and adaptable.

The increasing use of digital devices in the daily lives of people around the world has triggered the need for speedy repairs and services to items delivered with defects, damage or other issues. The government recently has implemented new rules for vehicles with imperfections that require fixing or replaced. Customers are entitled to request for a refund or a price reduction. Reverse logistics is governed by consumer-friendly policies of the government which hold manufacturers accountable for defective products and provide customers with the right to get a replacement.

The part that deals recalls will be the second largest percent. The product that is potentially dangerous must be return to its manufacturer through the recall procedure, a method of returning. Manufacturers have enacted recall policies in response to the increase in legislation and guidelines from the government that prohibit the sale of defective products to customers.

Reverse logistics solutions give manufacturers the chance to repair the defects and flaws in their products and prevent accidents caused due to defective products. This helps to expand this sector of the market. This growth in the market is supported by the expansion of government programs. In attempt to minimize the negative effects of a damaged product on the image of the brand, manufacturers are also working on an approach to recall. Refunds are a way for businesses to keep clients from being hurt by the end user.

Competitive Landscape of the Reverse Logistics Market

• FedEx Corporation
• Kintetsu World Express, Inc.
• United Parcel Service, Inc.
• Yusen Logistics Co., Ltd.
• RLG Systems AG
• Core Logistic Private Limited
• Safexpress Pvt. Ltd.
• DB SCHENKER (Deutsche Bahn AG)
• Deutsche Post AG

Recent Developments in Reverse Logistics Market

Oct 26, 2023: UPS said it has entered into an agreement to acquire Los Angeles-based Happy Returns, a software and reverse logistics services provider, from PayPal.

Sep 8, 2023: Earlier this week, the Washington, D.C.-based National Retail Federation (NRF) said it has acquired the Reverse Logistics Association (RLA), a global trade association for the returns and reverse industry. A purchase price was not disclosed.

In April 2023, UPS, a global logistics provider, announced that it had launched a new reverse logistics service for e-commerce returns.

In May 2023, FedEx, a global logistics provider, announced that it had expanded its reverse logistics capabilities in Europe.

In June 2023, Amazon, an e-commerce company, announced that it was opening a new reverse logistics center in the United States.

In 2022, FEDEX CORPORATION will power its e-commerce service offering by launching Picture Proof of Delivery. Whereby tracking their package, customers will receive an image depicting the precise location of their parcel once delivered to their doorstep.

In 2022, FEDEX CORPORATION announced an alliance with FourKites to provide businesses with enhanced real-time exposure capabilities to aid in resolving their most prevalent supply chain issues.

In March 2022, ReverseLogix and DHL Supply Chain, a division of the Deutsche Post DHL Group, announced a deal.

MG Motor India and Attero announced a partnership for recycling electric vehicle batteries in May 2021. Attero will provide MG Motor India with reverse logistics, refurbishing, and recycling solutions as part of the partnership.

XPO Logistics, Inc. has announced the launch of an automation solution in France in May 2021. The automation solution is expected to help the French fashion e-commerce industry with high-volume reverse logistics.

Ruby has launched an industry alliance DTC Consortium with the support of multiple companies in June 2021. The consortium is expected to help organisations navigate their market strategies, including reverse logistics, marketing, fulfilment, vertical-specific considerations, and more.

Regional Insights

Over 51.5 percent of the world's income was earned in Asia Pacific in 2022 and is predicted to increase at the fastest CAGR from 2023 to 2030. The rising returns in the region because of the increased online shopping are expected to help boost market expansion.

In also, the growth of this market expected to be driven by the growth of manufacturing industries in emerging countries throughout the region as well as the increasing demand of reverse logistics for electric vehicles. Due to these motives, Asia Pacific uses reverse logistics frequently, which can boost the production of income.

Between 2023 and 2030 Between 2023 and 2030, between 2023 and 2030, the Middle East and Africa are projected to experience the second highest CAGR of 12.5 percent. Opportunities for growth in the region as well as numerous investments in the field of e-commerce have both been credited with facilitating the market's growth.

The region is also getting substantial investment in transportation facilities which aids in market growth. These elements make the region much easier to get into than other markets particularly when paired with an rise in the amount of discretionary revenue. Market participants will be able to anticipate a wide variety of opportunities in Europe as well as Central as well as South America to grow their operations and draw new customers.

Segments Covered in the Reverse Logistics Market

Reverse Logistics Market By End User

• E-commerce
• Retail
• Automotive
• Consumer Electronics
• Pharmaceutical

Reverse Logistics Market By Software

• Recalls
• Commercial Returns
• Repairable Returns
• End-of-use Returns
• End-of-life Returns

Reverse Logistics Market By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia-Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East and Africa

Frequently Asked Questions:

What is the reverse logistics market size?

The Global Gemstones Market is expected to grow rapidly at a 12.65% CAGR consequently, it will grow from its existing size of from $1300.10 Billion in 2023 to $3000.85 Billion by 2030.

Who are the prominent players operating in the reverse logistics market?

The major players operating in the reverse logistics market are DB SCHENKER (Deutsche Bahn AG), Deutsche Post AG, FedEx Corporation, Kintetsu World Express, Inc., United Parcel Service, Inc., Yusen Logistics Co., Ltd., RLG Systems AG, Core Logistic Private Limited, Safexpress Pvt. Ltd., and Others.

Which are the driving factors of the reverse logistics market?

The driving factors of the reverse logistics market are the rise in e-commerce, the adoption of sustainable business practices, improved infrastructure, governmental rules and efforts, and technical improvements.

Which region will lead the global reverse logistics market?

Asia Pacific region will lead the global reverse logistics market during the forecast period 2023 to 2032.

1. Introduction

1.1. Research Objective

1.2. Scope of the Study

1.3. Definition

2. Research Methodology (Premium Insights)

2.1. Research Approach

2.2. Data Sources

2.3. Assumptions & Limitations

3. Executive Summary

3.1. Market Snapshot

4. Market Variables and Scope 

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Market Classification and Scope

4.3. Industry Value Chain Analysis

4.3.1. Raw Material Procurement Analysis 

4.3.2. Sales and Distribution Channel Analysis

4.3.3. Downstream Buyer Analysis

5. COVID 19 Impact on Reverse Logistics Market 

5.1. COVID-19 Landscape: Reverse Logistics Industry Impact

5.2. COVID 19 - Impact Assessment for the Industry

5.3. COVID 19 Impact: Global Major Government Policy

5.4. Market Trends and Opportunities in the COVID-19 Landscape

6. Market Dynamics Analysis and Trends

6.1. Market Dynamics

6.1.1. Market Drivers

6.1.2. Market Restraints

6.1.3. Market Opportunities

6.2. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis

6.2.1. Bargaining power of suppliers

6.2.2. Bargaining power of buyers

6.2.3. Threat of substitute

6.2.4. Threat of new entrants

6.2.5. Degree of competition

7. Competitive Landscape

7.1.1. Company Market Share/Positioning Analysis

7.1.2. Key Strategies Adopted by Players

7.1.3. Vendor Landscape

7.1.3.1. List of Suppliers

7.1.3.2. List of Buyers

8. Global Reverse Logistics Market, By End User

8.1. Reverse Logistics Market, by End User, 2023-2030

8.1.1. E-commerce

8.1.1.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

8.1.2. Retail

8.1.2.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

8.1.3. Automotive

8.1.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

8.1.4. Consumer Electronics

8.1.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

8.1.5. Pharmaceutical

8.1.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

9. Global Reverse Logistics Market, By Software

9.1. Reverse Logistics Market, by Software, 2023-2030

9.1.1. Recalls

9.1.1.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

9.1.2. Commercial Returns

9.1.2.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

9.1.3. Repairable Returns

9.1.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

9.1.4. End-of-use Returns

9.1.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

9.1.5. End-of-life Returns

9.1.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2023-2030)

10. Global Reverse Logistics Market, Regional Estimates and Trend Forecast

10.1. North America

10.1.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.1.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.1.3. U.S.

10.1.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.1.3.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.1.4. Rest of North America

10.1.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.1.4.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.2. Europe

10.2.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.2.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.2.3. UK

10.2.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.2.3.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.2.4. Germany

10.2.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.2.4.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.2.5. France

10.2.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.2.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.2.6. Rest of Europe

10.2.6.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.2.6.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.3. APAC

10.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.3.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.3.3. India

10.3.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.3.3.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.3.4. China

10.3.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.3.4.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.3.5. Japan

10.3.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.3.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.3.6. Rest of APAC

10.3.6.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.3.6.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.4. MEA

10.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.4.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.4.3. GCC

10.4.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.4.3.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.4.4. North Africa

10.4.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.4.4.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.4.5. South Africa

10.4.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.4.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.4.6. Rest of MEA

10.4.6.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.4.6.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.5. Latin America

10.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.5.3. Brazil

10.5.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.5.3.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

10.5.4. Rest of LATAM

10.5.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End User (2023-2030)

10.5.4.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Software (2023-2030)

11. Company Profiles

11.1. DB SCHENKER (Deutsche Bahn AG)

11.1.1. Company Overview

11.1.2. Product Offerings

11.1.3. Financial Performance

11.1.4. Recent Initiatives

11.2. Deutsche Post AG

11.2.1. Company Overview

11.2.2. Product Offerings

11.2.3. Financial Performance

11.2.4. Recent Initiatives

11.3. FedEx Corporation

11.3.1. Company Overview

11.3.2. Product Offerings

11.3.3. Financial Performance

11.3.4. Recent Initiatives

11.4. Kintetsu World Express, Inc.

11.4.1. Company Overview

11.4.2. Product Offerings

11.4.3. Financial Performance

11.4.4. Recent Initiatives

11.5. United Parcel Service, Inc.

11.5.1. Company Overview

11.5.2. Product Offerings

11.5.3. Financial Performance

11.5.4. Recent Initiatives

11.6. Yusen Logistics Co., Ltd.

11.6.1. Company Overview

11.6.2. Product Offerings

11.6.3. Financial Performance

11.6.4. Recent Initiatives

11.7. RLG Systems AG

11.7.1. Company Overview

11.7.2. Product Offerings

11.7.3. Financial Performance

11.7.4. Recent Initiatives

11.8. Core Logistic Private Limited

11.8.1. Company Overview

11.8.2. Product Offerings

11.8.3. Financial Performance

11.8.4. Recent Initiatives

11.9. Safexpress Pvt. Ltd.

11.9.1. Company Overview

11.9.2. Product Offerings

11.9.3. Financial Performance

11.9.4. Recent Initiatives

12. Research Methodology

12.1. Primary Research

12.2. Secondary Research

12.3. Assumptions

13. Appendix

13.1. About Us

13.2. Glossary of Terms

Research Methodology